Phonetics and Alphabet: How to Read in French
Why Phonetics Matter → The French Alphabet → Key Pronunciation Rules → Pronunciation Practice: French Words in Russian
Nasal Vowels — The Main Feature of French
- ·bon [bɔ̃] — nasal
- ·bonne [bɔn] — NOT nasal (nn before e)
- ·banque [bãk] — nasal
- ·banane [banan] — NOT nasal (n before a)
Liaison (Connecting Words)
- ·les amis [le-z-ami] — final s is pronounced
- ·vous avez [vu-z-avé] — final s is pronounced
- ·un enfant [ën-nãfã] — n is linked
- ·Article + noun: les enfants [lez-ãfã]
- ·Adjective + noun: petit ami [pti-t-ami]
- ·Pronoun + verb: nous avons [nu-z-avõ]
- ·Numeral + noun: deux ans [döz-ã]
Silent Final Consonants
- ·grand [grã] — d is silent
- ·vous [vu] — s is silent
- ·intelligent [yotelijã] — t and the first n are silent
- ·beaucoup [boký] — p is silent
- ·lac [lak], mer [mèr], chef [shèf], sel [sèl]
Letter Combinations
- ·restaurant [restorã] — ресторан
- ·boulevard [bulvar] — бульвар
- ·entrepreneur [ãtrёprёnёр]
- ·bureau [büro] — бюро
- ·garage [garazh] — гараж
- ·chauffeur [shofyor] — шофёр
- ·détente [detã:t] — детанте
- ·prestige [prestizh] — престиж
French is a language in which spelling and pronunciation often fundamentally diverge. The word "beaucoup" (a lot) consists of 8 letters, but is pronounced as [boký]. Therefore, from the very first lesson, it is important to learn the rules of reading, rather than trying to "guess" the pronunciati...
Accent aigu (´): é → pronounced as closed [e]: été (summer), café, allée Accent grave (`): è → open [e]: père, mère, après; à (preposition "to/at"), où (where) Accent circonflexe (^): ê → open [e], often historical s: forêt, fête, être. Also: â, î, ô, û Cédille (¸): ç → before a, o, u pronounced ...
[ã] — an/am/en/em: France [frãns], pendant, temps, ambassadeur [ɛ̃] — in/im/ain/aim/ein: international, important, pain, faim [ɔ̃] — on/om: bon, son, nom, compte [œ̃] — un/um: un, parfum (in modern French often merges with [ɛ̃])
Key rule: The vowel before n/m is nasal IF n/m is followed by a consonant or the end of the word. If a vowel or a second n/m follows n/m — there is no nasal sound.