Module XIII·Article III·~2 min read

Banks and Loans in French

Finance and Investment in French

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Structure of the French Banking System

Major French banks:

  • BNP Paribas — the largest bank in France and one of the largest in the world
  • Société Générale — the second universal bank
  • Crédit Agricole — the agricultural cooperative bank (the largest by retail network)
  • BPCE (Groupe Banque Populaire-Caisse d'Épargne)
  • Crédit Mutuel

Banque de France — the central bank (CB) of France, member of the European Central Bank System.

AMF (Autorité des Marchés Financiers) — the capital market regulator (similar to SEC/FCA).

ACPR (Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution) — prudential supervision over banks and insurers.

Credit Products

Loans to Legal Entities (crédit aux entreprises)

FrenchTranslation
un crédit de trésorerieshort-term liquidity loan
une facilité de caisseoverdraft
un crédit à moyen terme (CMT)medium-term loan (2-7 years)
un crédit à long terme (CLT)long-term loan (>7 years)
un crédit-bail (leasing)leasing
un prêt garanti par l'État (PGE)state-guaranteed loan (was in COVID)
une ligne de crédit revolvingrevolving credit facility
un crédit syndiquésyndicated loan
une obligation convertibleconvertible bonds

Loans to Individuals

FrenchTranslation
un crédit immobiliermortgage loan
le prêt à taux fixe / variablefixed-rate / variable-rate loan
le taux d'endettementdebt load ratio
le taux d'usuremaximum allowable interest rate (set by the state)
l'assurance emprunteurborrower’s life insurance (mandatory in mortgage)
le remboursement anticipéearly repayment

Negotiations with the Bank

Requesting a loan:

  • Nous souhaitons solliciter un financement de... — We wish to request financing in the amount of...
  • Notre projet nécessite un investissement de... — Our project requires investments in the amount of...
  • Nous apportons [X]% en fonds propres. — We are contributing [X]% of own capital.

Discussing terms:

  • Quel taux pouvez-vous nous proposer? — What rate can you offer us?
  • Quelle est la durée maximale? — What is the maximum term?
  • Y a-t-il des frais de dossier? — Is there an application processing fee?
  • Quelles garanties exigez-vous? — What collateral do you require?

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