Module XIV·Article III·~2 min read
Indirect Speech in French
Grammar B1: Subjunctive and Complex Structures
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Indirect Speech: il a dit que, il m'a demandé si
Direct vs. Indirect Speech
Direct speech (discours direct): reproduces words verbatim in quotation marks.
- Il a dit: «Je viendrai demain.» — He said: "I will come tomorrow".
Indirect speech (discours indirect): conveys the essence without quotation marks.
- Il a dit **qu'**il viendrait le lendemain. — He said that he would come the next day.
Introductory Verbs
| French | Translation | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| dire que | to say that | statement |
| déclarer que | to declare that | official statement |
| expliquer que | to explain that | explanation |
| préciser que | to specify that | specification |
| confirmer que | to confirm that | confirmation |
| demander si | to ask if | closed question |
| demander + infinitive | to ask (to do something) | request |
| demander ce que | to ask what | open question |
Transformations When Switching to Indirect Speech
Change of Pronouns
- «Je» → il/elle (depending on the speaker)
- «vous» → ils/elles or nous
- «mon/ma/mes» → son/sa/ses or notre/nos
Change of Tenses (if the main verb is in the past)
| Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
|---|---|
| présent | imparfait |
| futur simple | conditionnel présent |
| passé composé | plus-que-parfait |
| impératif | infinitive (after demander de) |
Examples:
- «Je suis disponible.» → Il a dit qu'il était disponible.
- «Je viendrai.» → Elle a confirmé qu'elle viendrait.
- «Avez-vous reçu?» → Il a demandé si nous avions reçu.
- «Venez!» → Il nous a demandé de venir.
Change of Time Indicators
| Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
|---|---|
| aujourd'hui | ce jour-là |
| hier | la veille |
| demain | le lendemain |
| maintenant | à ce moment-là |
| ici | là |
Business Examples
In a report / compte-rendu:
- M. Dupont a indiqué que les résultats étaient satisfaisants. — Mr. Dupont noted that the results were satisfactory.
- Mme Chen a demandé si nous pouvions avancer la réunion. — Mrs. Chen asked if we could move the meeting forward.
- Le directeur a précisé que le budget ne serait pas modifié. — The director specified that the budget would not be changed.
- Le client a confirmé qu'il enverrait sa réponse avant vendredi. — The client confirmed that he would send his response before Friday.
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